Quantum computers capable of breaking RSA-2048 and ECC-256 are closer than most organizations admit. NIST finalized CRYSTALS-Kyber (key encapsulation) and CRYSTALS-Dilithium (digital signatures) as the primary post-quantum standards in 2024. Migration must start now.
Timeline
2024: NIST standards finalized. 2025-2026: Early adopters migrate critical systems. 2027: Deadline for federal systems. 2030: Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computer (CRQC) estimated availability by intelligence agencies.